山東空壓機(jī)排氣量降低的原因

山東空壓機(jī)排氣量減少的主要原因是:

The main reasons for the reduction of air compressor discharge are as follows:

一、減速隨著轉(zhuǎn)速降低，氣缸的沖程容積減小，從而減小排量。轉(zhuǎn)速表可用于確定空氣壓縮機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速是否降低，以找出故障原因。

1、 As the speed decreases, the stroke volume of the cylinder decreases, thus reducing the displacement. The tachometer can be used to determine if the speed of the air compressor is reduced to find out the cause of the problem.

二、空氣過(guò)濾器污染堵塞由于空氣過(guò)濾器的污染和堵塞，壓縮機(jī)的充氣效率降低，排氣體積減小。

2、 The air filter is polluted and blocked. Due to the pollution and blockage of the air filter, the charging efficiency of the compressor is reduced and the exhaust volume is reduced.

三、壓縮腔部分不緊：

3、 The compression chamber is not tight

1、氣缸和活塞的磨損程度超過(guò)規(guī)定的額定值這種情況大多發(fā)生在已經(jīng)使用了十年或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的空氣壓縮機(jī)上。如果氣缸不圓，氣缸應(yīng)鉆孔，并配備與修理后的氣缸直徑相適應(yīng)的活塞和活塞環(huán)。

1. The wear degree of cylinder and piston exceeds the specified rated value, which mostly occurs in the air compressor which has been used for ten years or more. If the cylinder is not round, the cylinder shall be drilled and equipped with piston and piston ring corresponding to the diameter of the repaired cylinder.

2、活塞環(huán)咬活塞環(huán)的原因包括:

2. The causes of piston ring biting include:

(1)活塞環(huán)和活塞配合不良。

(1) Poor fit of piston ring and piston.

(2)潤(rùn)滑油質(zhì)量不好。

(2) The quality of lubricating oil is not good.

(3)壓縮空氣溫度過(guò)高。隨著活塞環(huán)咬合和壓縮量泄漏，壓力在每個(gè)單級(jí)中重新分配，從而減少空氣壓縮機(jī)的排量。當(dāng)單級(jí)氣缸的活塞環(huán)咬合時(shí)，空氣壓縮機(jī)的排量將顯著減少。活塞環(huán)咬合時(shí)，從指示圖上傾斜的壓縮線可以看出其泄漏。平時(shí)，可以用壓縮空氣吹氣缸來(lái)檢查活塞環(huán)的泄漏情況。為此，在同一氣缸的一個(gè)吸入側(cè)，拆下排氣閥并蓋住閥蓋。從氣缸的另一吸入側(cè)拆卸閥門和閥蓋。檢查時(shí)，打開(kāi)閥門，讓壓縮空氣從從壓力管網(wǎng)中取出的排氣閥孔進(jìn)入氣缸，穿過(guò)松動(dòng)的活塞環(huán)，然后通過(guò)沒(méi)有閥蓋的閥孔排出。根據(jù)泄漏的空氣量，可以判斷活塞環(huán)的泄漏。四、活塞環(huán)磨損活塞環(huán)磨損時(shí)，由于活塞钚與氣缸和活塞的附著力差，活塞環(huán)開(kāi)口之間的間隙過(guò)大，導(dǎo)致漏氣，各級(jí)壓力分布變化緩慢。這種現(xiàn)象在《運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)日志》中很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)?；钊h(huán)漏氣時(shí)，軸功率略有增加。當(dāng)一級(jí)活塞環(huán)磨損時(shí)，排量顯著減少。

(3) The compressed air temperature is too high. As the piston rings bite and the amount of compression leaks, the pressure is redistributed in each single stage, reducing the displacement of the air compressor. When the piston rings of the single-stage cylinder bite, the displacement of the air compressor will be significantly reduced. When the piston ring is engaged, the leakage can be seen from the inclined compression line on the indicator diagram. Usually, you can use compressed air to blow the cylinder to check the leakage of the piston ring. To do this, on one suction side of the same cylinder, remove the exhaust valve and cover the valve cover. Remove the valve and bonnet from the other suction side of the cylinder. During the inspection, open the valve and let the compressed air enter the cylinder from the exhaust valve hole taken out from the pressure pipe network, pass through the loose piston ring, and then discharge through the valve hole without valve cover. According to the amount of air leaking, the leakage of piston ring can be judged. 4、 When the piston ring is worn, due to the poor adhesion between the piston plutonium and the cylinder and the piston, the gap between the piston ring opening is too large, resulting in air leakage, and the pressure distribution at all levels changes slowly. This phenomenon can be easily found in the operation log. When the piston ring leaks, the shaft power increases slightly. When the first stage piston ring is worn, the displacement is significantly reduced.

活塞桿漏氣當(dāng)活塞桿和填料的配合部分漏氣時(shí)，可以直接觀察到。漏氣的原因通常是活塞桿磨損或與填料配合不良、潤(rùn)滑不良和活塞桿彎曲。磨損的活塞桿可以通過(guò)鍍鉻和再研磨進(jìn)行修復(fù)?；钊麠U和活塞之間的接頭漏氣?？梢杂脡嚎s空氣吹掃氣缸，或者用肥皂水檢查活塞桿和活塞之間的接合處。氣體可以通過(guò)用活塞填充或研磨來(lái)消除。四、氣閥不緊當(dāng)一級(jí)氣缸吸氣閥不緊時(shí)，空氣壓縮機(jī)的空氣排量和中冷器的壓力明顯下降。當(dāng)中間級(jí)和最后級(jí)的空氣閥不緊時(shí)，排氣容積也會(huì)減小。

When the matching part of piston rod and packing leaks, it can be observed directly. The causes of air leakage are usually wear of piston rod or poor matching with packing, poor lubrication and bending of piston rod. Worn piston rods can be repaired by chromium plating and regrinding. There is air leakage in the joint between the piston rod and the piston. You can purge the cylinder with compressed air or check the joint between the piston rod and the piston with soapy water. Gas can be eliminated by filling or grinding with a piston. 4、 When the suction valve of the first stage cylinder is not tight, the air displacement of the air compressor and the pressure of the intercooler decrease obviously. When the middle stage and the last stage of the air valve is not tight, the exhaust volume will also be reduced.

五、調(diào)整制度不嚴(yán)密：

5、 The adjustment system is not strict

(1)吸入閥打開(kāi)不當(dāng)或裝配不當(dāng)和調(diào)節(jié)器不良會(huì)增加氣缸的補(bǔ)充容積，這將顯著減少機(jī)器的排量，重新分配各級(jí)壓力并加熱吸入閥的閥蓋。

(1) Improper opening or assembly of the suction valve and poor regulator will increase the make-up volume of the cylinder, which will significantly reduce the displacement of the machine, redistribute the pressure at all levels and heat the valve cover of the suction valve.

(2)由于間隙閥活塞環(huán)磨損，調(diào)節(jié)器壓力不足，且間隙閥與氣缸閥座不貼合，間隙閥關(guān)閉不緊，風(fēng)量減小。

(2) Due to the wear of clearance valve piston ring, the regulator pressure is insufficient, and the clearance valve does not fit the cylinder seat, the clearance valve is not closed tightly, and the air volume is reduced.

六、氣缸間隙容積增大所選氣缸套太厚，或者活塞桿上的活塞松動(dòng)，這增加了氣缸的間隙容積，并導(dǎo)致活塞桿膨脹，從而減少了排量。

6、 The cylinder clearance volume increases. The selected cylinder liner is too thick or the piston on the piston rod is loose, which increases the clearance volume of the cylinder and causes the piston rod to expand, thus reducing the displacement.

七、潤(rùn)滑不良潤(rùn)滑油不足會(huì)使活塞環(huán)和活塞、氣缸、活塞桿和填料、閥板和閥座之間的密封惡化。檢查排氣閥和吸氣閥，判斷氣缸的潤(rùn)滑情況。如果空氣閥干燥，則表明輸油量不足。正常情況下，氣缸、氣門和活塞桿的密封面應(yīng)覆蓋一層油，但沒(méi)有積碳。

7、 Poor lubrication and insufficient lubricating oil will worsen the sealing between piston ring and piston, cylinder, piston rod and packing, valve plate and valve seat. Check the exhaust valve and suction valve to judge the lubrication condition of the cylinder. If the air valve is dry, there is insufficient oil delivery. Under normal conditions, the sealing surfaces of cylinder, valve and piston rod should be covered with a layer of oil, but there is no carbon deposition.

八、氣缸蓋墊片損壞和泄漏更換墊片時(shí)，務(wù)必檢查氣缸蓋側(cè)的氣缸間隙長(zhǎng)度，不要使用填料。

8、 The cylinder head gasket is damaged and leaking. When replacing the gasket, be sure to check the cylinder gap length on the cylinder head side, and do not use packing.